Affirmative Action is Reverse Discrimination Essay -- Argumentative Pe

Governmental policy regarding minorities in society is Reverse Discrimination  At the point when the Civil Rights Bill was being bantered on the floor of the Senate, Barry Goldwater anticipated that this specific bill may be manhandled. Herbert Humphrey, notwithstanding, expressed that he would eat each page of the bill if at any time it were utilized to legitimize oppression anyone by virtue of race or sex. The bill in the end passed and turned into the Civil Rights Act. From school admissions to government gets, the Civil Rights Act has been terribly mishandled by giving race and sexual orientation essential thought in confirmations and employing, bringing about conspicuous opposite separation. Paul Craig Roberts and Larry Stratton, co-creator of The New Color Line: How Quotas and Privileges Destroy Democracy, report the quiet difference in the 1964 Civil Rights Act from a resolution precluding inclinations dependent on race and sexual orientation into a weapon to force bosses to receive and actualize shares. This change isn't so quiet today. Roberts and Stratton show that, amounts depend on a deliberate misreading of Title VII and are carefully illicit under the 1964 Civil Rights Act. An unequivocal case of this purposeful misreading, or misuse, of the Civil Rights Act is the point at which an individual is terminated to satisfy a standard. On August 8, the Federal Third Circuit Court of Appeals concurred. The court decided that the Piscataway, N.J. Leading body of Education abused the Civil Rights Act when it terminated Sharon Taxman, an overrepresented Jewish female teacher, to account for a dark lady under the educational system's governmental policy regarding minorities in society plan. The school area was requested by the court to pay $144,000 in back compensation. The appointed authorities' choice depended on their own examination concerning the authoritative history of Title VII ... ...they are dark? There is no doubt that prejudice existed in our general public and still does today, however the arrangement isn't turning around the separation. It is difficult to envision that isolation of our schools was as yet legitimate in California as late as 1974, it is much harder to envision that college affirmations are as yet dependent on race in 1996. The answer for inclinations in employing and school confirmations ought to be stricter punishments to the individuals who segregate dependent on race or sexual orientation. Additionally, it is somewhat late in the game to press inadequate understudies into graduate school. We ought to be working with these understudies in grade school. Our colleges and our administration will far-fetched take a gander at any consistent arrangements in light of their notoriety of putting bandaids on social issues. There is no uncertainty, if Herbert Humphrey were here today, he would eat a great deal of paper.

Poverty in America Essay Example for Free

Neediness in America Essay Neediness in America appears to gaze at us in each town and significant city. Being a culture of realism and financial achievement, you would envision that we would have enough flourishing to see that everybody has a decent amount of lodging, medicinal services and cash to satisfy their essential needs. Be that as it may, as assortment plates and pledge drives of our houses of worship keep on soliciting increasingly more from us, it once in a while feels as though the requirement for a noble cause will never stop. Truth be told, in Deuteronomy 15:11 we read that, â€Å"The penniless will never be inadequate in the land; that is the reason I order you to open your hand to your poor and destitute brother in your nation. † With this is as a top priority, we as Christians can recollect that cause is a work of God, not a commitment put upon us by our very own locale. Later in the New Testament we read of Jesus saying, â€Å"The poor you will consistently have with you; however you won't generally have me. † This announcement again avows the requirement for a noble cause will consistently proceed. What's more, sensibly, as our populace develops while our assets become increasingly restricted, this announcement unmistakably bodes well. However, with the entirety of the neediness we see, we additionally see the same amount of corporate eagerness and unnecessary spending. On the off chance that you’ve ever watched MTV Cribs, you wonder how one film or sports star can legitimize dozing around evening time in a bed that cost in excess of an a large portion of a years lease for certain families. Without a doubt, we may not generally have the VIPs here on earth, however would it be advisable for us to give them as much love as Jesus, and legitimize their expanding consumptions? The hole existing between the budgetary limits is by all accounts always developing as opposed to decreasing. In spite of the fact that the Bible counsels that we ought to be giving of good cause; in today’s culture this may mean removing a further advance and abandoning our respect for amusement. Rather than purchasing a pass to the football match-up for a few hundred dollars, we may consider purchasing two months worth the nourishment for the nearby food wash room to achieve this objective. We may not take out neediness, however maybe stop the development of the hole between the two limits. Works Cited The New American Bible For Catholics. (1986). South Bend: Greenlawn Press.

Startup Hubs Around the World Warsaw

Startup Hubs Around the World Warsaw In true underdog fashion, Warsaw, Poland seems to have every strike against them in their quest to join the world’s startup hubs.The economy is slow, population of the city is relatively small, the infrastructure of the city is declining and the national government even stated that Poland has made very little progress in the area of innovation and is one of the EU’s least innovative countries.With that kind of optimism as support, it appears that Warsaw has something to prove to the rest of the world (and their own government): they are hungry for startup glory. © Shutterstock.com | whitelookConsidering Warsaw, Poland as a critical portion of central Europe’s startup scene may surprise you. To determine what the future holds for Warsaw, we’ll investigate 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives, 3) legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the area, and 7) startups to watch.LOCATIONSometimes known as ‘the phoenix city’ in reference to the number of wars and conflicts the city has survived in its seven hundred year existence, Warsaw is a city with a dream. Through its long history, Warsaw has been home to some of the biggest movements in the world, so it is only fitting that they begin a movement towards global recognition.Geographical BenefitsThe largest city in Poland, Warsaw has an estimated 1.7 million residents. It sits on the Vistula River near the central eastern border of the country. Less than 200 miles from Berlin, it is conveniently located for easy travel to other European countries, and conne cted through airlines to the rest of the world. Warsaw was affected by the devastation of World War II, and the city was predominately razed and then construction began on a new city. In the post-war years, most of the historical buildings fell into disarray and even some who weren’t in disarray â€" began to rebuild. The new face of Warsaw has a well-planned city, with new modern buildings.Advantages to choosing the cityWarsaw is known for its green spaces that are both modern and contemporary. With their latest rebuilding program, they accommodated green spaces through the city and now boast new parks, new monuments and new programs. Residents and entrepreneurs who work and live in Warsaw can take advantage of the cold winter and warmer summer weather.Transportation within the city is convenient; its two airports service 100 flights a day. The city also uses a system of public transportation options: trams, buses and the popular bike sharing program.TAX INCENTIVESThere is a lot of innovative activity within Warsaw that is helping to build the city as a reliable source of information. A major drawback to the city’s future potential, however, is the lack of government support in a financial way. There is an absence of tax incentives for venture investors â€" a key ingredient in the startup hub toolbox. Finally, there needs to be some clarity for contract law and regulations. Adding these few details to their growing list of success will not only help startups succeed but will foster a sense of community between the corporate world and the leadership of the nation. Leaders can get together and talk about what large scale corporate needs the nation has and can effectively made that work.There is a strong need for government financial support during a campaign, but long after the government has been replaced, the company will still require interaction and support to continue to grow instead of giving up. Offering the local entrepreneur tax incentives is a vit al portion of the startup hub community. Allowing the startup to receive tax credits based on where the company’s offices are located, where a manufacturing plant may be. Additional credits may be for the type of worker you’re investing, etc.LEGAL INCENTIVESThe government of Poland has declared that Poland (Warsaw) is at the bottom of the heap for innovation and technology. While in theory the government is helping to promote Warsaw’s entrepreneurial efforts, the laws are so difficult and complex they intimidate users. The laws surrounding investing are covered in red tape, making it almost impossible to decipher. Particularly for the investors who are elsewhere in the world, having so much red tape can impede the ability or desire to even attempt to invest. For companies headquartered in the United States or some European countries, it may seem futile to even attempt to meet that standard. However, if a company starts out doing the right thing, before they have to unlearn bad habits, it can only be commendable.The legalities of starting a business in Warsaw are straightforward. The process takes very little time (from start to finish it can take 3 days). The biggest hurdle is ensuring that every needed paper is filled out correctly. Hiring a lawyer in Warsaw can be one of the most effective steps a foreign entrepreneur takes. This will ensure that any additional paperwork that needs to be handled is properly filed, it will eliminate concerns over language barriers and can provide a resource that will benefit the startup.INVESTORSMost of the money being invested in Poland is coming from the EU. While this provides millions of dollars for Warsaw, what the city actually needs are venture capitalist specialists. Venture capitalists are prepared to establish a website simply so they can see if they like what items are listed and then find out if anyone else is interested.An entrepreneur resource, the government’s 8.1 program provides funds for investors. T he funds, however, was given to investors directly, with little oversight or direction. Overnight, investors who took advantage of it were trying to decide what to do with their $65,000 investment. The invested money still belonged to Poland, but the royalties would belong to the individual. On the surface, the 8.1 program seems to be a good idea.The EU recently gave Poland a $14 billion incentive fund to launch innovative, risky technologies. In a move that befuddles many, their investment money was spent on traditional, less risky markets. Instead of focusing on innovation, the investors were focused on a return. They managed to get a minimum return for their money, but no lasting effects were really felt by either team.The opposite approach would have had the investors putting their money in a setting where the technology is risky. This investment may not have the same rate of return the first company had â€" typically a riskier business offers a slightly higher rate of return. I nvestors who put their money in a riskier field will typically generate higher returns on their money. Neither approach is a clear winner, but spending a couple hours with the company does give one the indication that it has as a wealth of information to share.The government needs to create a system of tax credits and benefits for investors in Warsaw companies. Offering tax credits is a way of enticing companies to put their money in corporations. To be competitive on the world stage, the city of Warsaw is going to need to attract big name investors to the table.LOCAL RESOURCESPoland has limited resources that are of benefit in their quest to become a startup. One of the most significant is the available workforce. Warsaw has a high level of residents who are technically proficient and well educated. Polish coders consistently finish in high positions in international coding competitions, yet their annual salaries don’t reflect the higher level of coding that they are capable of o ffering. While there are a number of factors to take into account, the bottom line is that the salary scale in Poland is immensely different (and lower) than it is around the world. Additionally, the typical Polish employee speaks proficient English. This sets the worker ahead of other workers around the globe.Entrepreneurs in Warsaw have been reaching what they refer to as the ‘Valley of Death’ (VOD). The VOD is when the initial bootstrap money has been spent, and yet the company is not earning enough to attract the attention of potential second stage investors. Startups expect another city to step up to the plate with funding in an attempt to lure the programmers away. Time will tell the results of the money phase, it will be interesting to see how many venture capitalists return for a second round of funding.The workforce in Warsaw, while large, is not the biggest story in Poland. Instead, the number of available mentors should be one of the more critical points of considerat ion. Previous generations of workers did not have the luxury of choices when it came to their workplace, and the idea of opening a business, while cool to think about, was beyond the possibilities. With their in-depth experience, these mentors have been through the startup phase and are an excellent source of information for the young entrepreneur.Another resource in Warsaw is the soon-to-open Google campus. Scheduled to open in 2015, Google’s campus will be a place that entrepreneurs can receive ‘unparalleled’ access to training and mentorship. Campus Warsaw is being designed to supercharge the innovator and encourage the entrepreneur by providing peer contacts, as well as innovation for the design.The startups in Poland are facing uncertain times as they navigate through the maze of entrepreneurship. Finding out how to reach your potential client, and then finding out how to engage with them can be difficult for an entrepreneur. Finding a suitable hub or workzone is essentia l for these organizations.SPECIALIZATIONThe tech scene in Warsaw is growing at a rapid pace. With the beginnings of their own ecosystem, there is starting to be a sense of anticipation about where the market will go. As entrepreneurs retire and become investors, it offers them the opportunity to act as mentors to younger entrepreneurs. This cycle of moving through the startup phases and then exiting the market, only to re-enter it as an investor, lends a sense of depth to the startup scene. One of Warsaw’s mentors who are exiting the startup scene is Chris Kowalczyk from Hard Gamma Ventures. He offers support in the means of funding, as well as mentorship to other entrepreneurs in the startup business. It can be very complex to navigate the tech market; trying to muddle through alone can be overwhelming.Few cities have the opportunity to create a startup market in the way that Warsaw has done. Because of the many times that the city was demolished and rebuilt, the citizens of the city have developed an adaptability to change. In this current ‘rebuilding’ of the city, the building of a tech market is unique. The entrepreneurs of Warsaw are putting together the leadership team that their startup hub should have; they can ‘custom build’ their hub. What type of events should they have? What time should the meetings start? What about office sharing? Startups in Warsaw are answering these questions and developing a clear idea of what their startup zone will entail.The industries that Warsaw has been developing are a hybrid of tech companies and service companies. There are just as many developing tech firms springing up as there are other types of industries. With the relatively new market, there is no single industry that emerges as a leader. What seems to be important, however, is that the startup market is beginning to boom â€" and that there are minimal roadblocks to the finish line of success.One thing is clear: Warsaw is building their tech market fr om the bottom up.STARTUPS TO WATCHOpenReaktor is one of the few startup hub zones in Warsaw. Monthly events bring several hundred entrepreneurs together in a common location for collaboration, socializing and networking. By offering the startups of Warsaw a centralized place, they are creating excitement and energy that is necessary in successful hubs. Guest speakers, on-site visits and more are all a part of this growing hub. Home to 9 startups, they are working diligently to encourage more entrepreneurs to take part.Homplex: An effective home décor tool, Homplex offers practical interior design work, along with renovation and decoration ideas. Working with the customer’s budget, the designer offers homeowners several options that coincide with their dreams. The vision becomes reality through Homplex’s relationship with contractors and builders.Radgost: Specifically designed for small to medium businesses, Radgost creates applications that can be used in the business sector. T hey have created applications such as an online billing system and a help desk application.Gametrade: An online marketplace that serves over 200,000 users a month, Gametrade is a platform for gamers to buy, sell or swap gaming systems and equipment. Allowing users to post their consoles, peripherals and games provides the user with the opportunity to upgrade their system, try out new games or simply clean out their collection in a fast and easy manner.The city of Warsaw is determined to join the bigger cities on the list of global startup hubs. In spite of hurdles that they may face, they have begun to establish the right type of resources, attract investors and entrepreneurs and build scalable companies in a very short amount of time. While they still have a ways to go before they catch up with Silicon Valley, they have begun to attract the world’s attention. Once they have several companies exit, they will be able to propel other companies onto the global platform and it will be gin to generate additional interest in their startup hub. Their history has shown that the citizens of Warsaw are not deterred by opposition â€" they have learned the value of ‘slow and steady wins the race’. They have mastered the art of staying current with the tech trends, while patiently waiting for the world to notice their progress.

Social Determinants Of Health Inequalities - 883 Words

Indigenous people are affected by a number of health inequalities that stem from social determinants. There is a direct proven link between the ill-health that Indigenous people have and are experiencing and the health inequalities they face as a result of these social determinants. These health inequalities are classified into three groups that consist of historical, political, social and economic contexts. Macro factors that consist of community infrastructure, resources, systems and capacities; as well as micro factors including health behaviours, physical and social environments. Social determinants effect an extensive array of health dimensions that lead to problematic health complications, health behaviours and poor health management. For instance, living in conditions of low income have been linked to increased illness and disability, which is linked to reduced opportunities to obtain and retain meaningful employment, thus exacerbating poverty (Maddison, 2009, p. 108). There i s extensive research and studies that have found individuals and communities that experience disparities in the social determinants of health not only experience a burden of health problems, but they have limited access to resources that could potentially improve these problems (Reading Wien, 2009, p. 9). How these social determinants impact and also effect on these areas of health for Indigenous people, which produces health problems that lead to conditions and environments that result inShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy Of Globalization On Canada Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesworking conditions which shape health. The social determinants of heath shape material, psychosocial, and behavioral routes. However, stages of life like, genetics, early life, and cultural factors are some components that influence health. The Canadian welfare state shape public policies enhance the social determinants in Canada and the low quality and the inequitably distributed throughout the nation. 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Outrageous Argumentative Writing Tips

Outrageous Argumentative Writing Tips Writing may be one of the most troublesome things to do, if not the toughest for many students. Because our writing today is going to be a shorter piece and because it is going to be the students first time doing argumentative writing, I need to supply them with a very good model. In any event, your essay is going to have the exact standard format and structure. The college essays must be organized in the particular format and design based on the instructions given. Argumentative Writing - Dead or Alive? Be clear about what sort of argument you're making in argumentative writing. Sum up the primary points and main arguments that you're going to support or refute. The target of an argument isn't to attack your opponent or maybe to impress your audience. It is very important to reinforce the key points in the conclusion sensibly. In case you're not sure it's far better to ask again or check with a person who got similar endeavor. Students may effectively defend their claim with reasoning and evidence that's clear, original and compelling, in place of obvious and vague. Strong language and robust evidence are expected to make the readers agree on what's being said by the writer in the whole essay. For this reason, you don't need to give up that easily in the event you find it really hard to handle persuasive writing. Persuasive essay writing is a strong pedagogical tool for teaching argumentation abilities. Write the introduction you can Now sit down to begin writing your essay. Writing an essay is a typical task given to each student in college. An essay may have a lot of intentions, but the fundamental structure of all sort of essays will be same. Us with your assignment rubric, you can be certain they will be dealt with confidentially once you furnish. The structure of the essay is still the exact same generally in the majority of the kinds of essays. In the event that you should compose an extremely general essay, for instance, about capital. Consequently, students may think of different thesis for unique themes to compose essays on hamlet. You could be writing an argumentative essay to argue for a specific point of view or to may do a persuasive essay to spell out the steps necessary to finish a job. Initially, you might want to write down points about your topic when you start to examine it. The collection of the topic ought to depend on your interest because it's essential that you maintain your interest throughout the technology essays writing. Copywriting jobs are among the lucratively paid copywriting work in the world these days. Content writing jobs are readily available through the net and one can so do a content writing job from the boundaries of the house. For that you should do lots of research from various websites i.e. Essay writing services U.S.A.. Our writing service has an effective privacy policy. For instance, one tension in relationships is known as predictability vs. novelty. The persuasive essay is about changing somebody's mind. An argumentative essay presents either side of a problem. While our writers always have it appropriate the exact very first time, there are a couple of circumstances where the submitted article demands a few changes. When you imitate the job written by somebody else and move it as your individual it's generally referred to as plagiarism. If you're feeling unsure at any stage, you should decide on low-cost essay writing services readily available online as opposed to risking for any error. Though, there aren't any hard and fast rules about how to compose an academic paper, by following a couple of precise practices, information and mindset, you can assemble an uncomplicated, trustworthy technique of producing quality academic papers with at least hassle and pressure. The Dirty Facts About Argumentative Writing An academic paper demands careful maturation of the proposed research statement. It would be useful to have an outline according to which you are able to do the job. Analyze your findings Once you've gathered information, you can begin to analyze what you've found.

Is it time now for a new social contract Free Essays

There are many suggestions for reform in government’s relationship to the economy. As I had hinted in my earlier discourse, many of my recommendations deal with eliminating government’s intervention in economic activity. Thus, there needs to be a creation of a free market economy, independent of government influence as a means to stimulate economic enterprise toward more productivity and to restore the economy to a strong position. We will write a custom essay sample on Is it time now for a new social contract? or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, given the long history of government involvement, it is highly unlikely that such action is possible. I guess it is time for a new social contract. It seems that the policies and practices in the employment of relationships in America are no longer responsive to the needs of today’s working families and society. There had been more emphasis on increased profits and productivity while the wages have remained the same, or worst, declined and stagnated for families. The irony is that people are working harder, but they do not belong among those who share in the gains from their efforts. Only a small percentage of the population is privileged to have that benefit, adding to the increasing inequality. The families are affected by these changes and one wonders what he can do in the face of these economic changes. The implicit social contract that encompasses work such as loyalty and hard work are not necessarily rewarded with fair and increasing wages. This has been blotted out by a norm where employers give center stage to stock price and even short-term gains, which are often at the expense of the workers who work hard daily. What we call the American Dream is usually the promise of riches and prosperity and a life that is well-lived.   This has been the ideal ever since that ensures one success in life so long as he is willing to sacrifice everything to work for it. It has been such an illusion for many. Thus the American dream has become a driving and motivating force for millions of people who flock to the â€Å"Land of the Free† because they want to escape the poverty in their countries. They think that their only option viable to them is to move to a country that promises them success, wealth, freedom from material prosperity.  Ã‚   However, even though this is oftentimes true for the people who really do work hard for the dream, the American Dream must not be promoted as it is. The reason here is because it shifts the focus from the true values that count in the family to the material wealth and greed that entices people to come work in a land of opportunities which may otherwise not turn out to be so (The American Dream). I remember Walt Whitman’s poem I Hear America Singing where there is the sense of each one seeking his own personal niche in the land of promises as seen in the following lines: â€Å"Each singing what belongs to him or her and to none else, The day what belongs to the day–at night the party of young fellows, robust, friendly, Singing with open mouths their strong melodious songs.† (I Hear America Singing). It almost captures that desire as one reads the entire work and is very descriptive that the future belongs to the young and those who are open to opportunities. For the people who leave their country of origin, there is a substantial tradeoff for embracing the American Dream. Behind the veil of power and comparative material wealth that is promised to every individual, there is a significant loss that one must encounter. And that loss is the loss of traditional culture. In the essay by MSNBC columnist Eric Liu, he states that during one of his dinner meals at a friend’s house: â€Å"The more time I spent in their midst, the more I learned to be like them. To make their everyday idioms and idiosyncrasies familiar. To possess them.† This particular longing to assimilate all of the â€Å"everyday idioms and idiosyncrasies† of the American culture was brought about not by curiosity or a certain zeal for knowledge. This particular longing was fueled by negative emotions. This passion for learning the ropes of American culture was born out of the longing of the desire to fit in. The American Dream may be able to provide a person the necessary wealth that one could only dream about in his native country but it also takes away the immaterial liberties that come from being rooted in a different culture. This is what is seen in Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy Anything. Because the person sat at the doorway and saw people come and go, his being in that position depicted a life of leisure which one thinks could be achieved if he pursues the American Dream. One does not know that there is an illusion to this since one may never attain this goal by just going to a place and hoping that one’s station in life is guaranteed to be easy. The American Dream will always be a Utopian dream until people realize that material wealth is not the only path for success and happiness. This is seen in the lines, Tony went to the bodega, But he didn’t buy anything: He sat by the doorway satisfied To watch la gente (people Island-brown as him). Crowd in and out, (Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy Anything). The American Dream promises people from all walks of life and all countries of origin that within this land, there is freedom from oppression, freedom from poverty and material wealth but for other people, it will only remain a dream for them. As Langston Hughes remarks, â€Å"I am the people, humble, hungry, mean–Hungry yet today despite the dream.†Ã‚   There have been casualties during this fight for the American Dream. Several people have risked leaving their homelands in search of a bright future in the United States yet there are millions today on relief and people are still being persecuted and discriminated. The land of the free is still a land of oppression and even though people would like to view it as a land of opportunity, it becomes more like a land of   deception and false hopes. Hughes ends his poem with both a revelation of what America has come to be as well an exhortation to the people to make America what is should have been. He says: â€Å"The mountains and the endless plain–All, all the stretch of these great green states–And make America again! (Hughes, 1938). Being optimistic about the dynamic forces of globalization and the practical applications of corporate social responsibilities sweeping multinational and large national organizations, I still believe that there is a balanced solution in multinational’s outsourcing of resources and less developed countries’ mutual advantage from this economic relationship. It is the primary duty of the national governments to uphold their sovereignty and protect their natural resources, especially their human resource or labor from being corrupted by foreign companies. They must uphold their constitution and by laws and promote more economic and bilateral policies to protect their people and resources at the same time harness their economic potential for the nation’s own advantage, growth and development.   They must dictate the terms for which their resources will be used, taking into consideration the growth and comparative advantage of their people and the extinction of their natural resources and habitat. The notion about hiring local managers and staff is preliminary. Of paramount importance is the question of how and in what terms they will allow the multinationals to exhaust their most important resources and capital. In effect, the dream that once tugged at people’s hearts never really existed in the first place. The dream that made people leave their homelands only remain a dream because there are people who still have not â€Å"made it† in America. There is something amiss in the ruckus that is about the American Dream. On one side, the American Dream remains a dream where the corruption and the apathy of people continues to prevent it from coming true while on the other side, the American Dream comes with too high a price. It asks for the individual’s culture, it torments the person and convinces him into thinking that if you do not assimilate the American culture, you will never make it. Given the importance of our work in our daily lives, our policies and institutions need to provide decent benefits and the opportunity to use one’s abilities to the maximum. Consistent with our nation’s democratic principles, all Americans must possess a freedom to voice out their opinions and be treated fairly. This just means that we value a balance between the interests of the employers and shareholders and the interests of the family. References The American Dream. Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Dream I Hear America Singing by Walt Whitman.About.com Literature Classic. Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at: http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/wwhitman/bl-ww-ihear.htm Hughes, Langston. 1938. â€Å"Let America Be America Again.† Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at:   http://www.poetryconnection.net/poets/Langston_Hughes/2385 Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy   Anything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at: http://www.gcsk12.net/speech_meet/speech_docs/Junior%20High%2005-06/dramatic%20poety/dramatic_poetry_43.pdf How to cite Is it time now for a new social contract?, Essay examples

Research Proposal on Video Games Research Paper Example

Research Proposal on Video Games Paper Video games are the games played with the help of a personal computer, laptop, console, smart phone, etc. Due to the development of computers the means of entertainment have increased to a serious level. Nowadays video games are probably the most widespread types of entertainment for children, young people and even grownups. The modern video games differ from the ones which were created ten years ago, because the visual effects and opportunities are much higher and the picture resembles a high quality movie or scenes from the real life. The development of video games is not only the indicator of the success of the engineer’s thought, but also the source of danger, especially for children. Alongside with the time spent on entertainment and joy children face numerous problems while playing video games. The first problem is the influence on the child’s health. The human eyesight is seriously damaged because of the constant concentration on the events which take place in the game. Very often children spend more than six hours a day and this impact is harmful. Video games are like drugs, because it is difficult to give them up. The child spends the majority of his time on games and fails to do his homework, spend time with friends and go out. The student’s education, health, social life is damaged because of the disability to manage his time and resist the attractiveness of the game. It is a serious problem that young people treat the digital world more beautiful and interesting than the real one, so parents have to help their children manage their time, activities and make their everyday life more interesting. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Video Games specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Video Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Video Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Video games can be called the source of entertainment which has conquered the hearts of millions people. The popularity of video games made them the separate kind of sports and there are competitions which are held all over the world. The student is able to research the topic about video games in detail and evaluate their impact on the human life. The proposal is expected to contain information about the purpose of writing, the challenges of the research, the methodology of writing and the thought-provoking issues related with the major problem of video games. In order to succeed in research proposal writing, the student is supposed to possess the deepest knowledge about the matter and the rules of writing. With the quality and reliable advice of the Internet the student is able to find a free example research paper on video games and aggression and see how to compose the assignment well. It is not easy to make the right structure for the paper, so one should look through a free sample research proposal on video game violence and catch the appropriate manner of the composition of the text. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Video Games topics. Your proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Free Essays on Women Stive For Higher Education In The Late 19th Century

Women Strive for Higher Education in the late 19th Century During the late nineteenth century the women’s labor force was increasing steadily in manufacturing occupations. This increase wasn’t due to an increasing degree of women’s knowledge, it was due to the â€Å"seek for excitement and independence or, more likely, to contribute to their families’ subsistence and their own self support, cultural and economic changes combined to create a new stage in the female life cycle† (Evans 133). Although this new stage of women’s work seemed like a great advantage, women still weren’t able to expand their mental abilities. Magazines such as Good Housekeeping tried to promote the perfection of women’s household and nurturing skills. Women who possessed such skills were considered educated and favorable. This was a huge contradiction because if women were to become experts in their arena, they would need more education than a women’s magazine could provide (Evans 139). This contradiction expanded on the thought of higher education for women. Since the 1860’s colleges and universities, such as Smith College, were coeducational. The founder of Smith College, Sophia Smith, once said â€Å"It is not my design to render my sex any the less feminine, but to develop as fully as may be the powers of womanhood, and furnish women with the means of usefulness, happiness and honor, now withheld from them.† (Evans 139). In these learning facilities women were able to emphasize their mental capacities and their solidarity as women. Scientist continued to claim that women’s brains weren’t able to withstand the rigors of higher education and their childbearing capacities would be harmed by thinking too much (Scott 356). Vassar College offered young women a liberal arts education equal to that of the best men's colleges at the time. Most colleges and universities didn’t accept the enrollment of women. Others admitted women but refused ... Free Essays on Women Stive For Higher Education In The Late 19th Century Free Essays on Women Stive For Higher Education In The Late 19th Century Women Strive for Higher Education in the late 19th Century During the late nineteenth century the women’s labor force was increasing steadily in manufacturing occupations. This increase wasn’t due to an increasing degree of women’s knowledge, it was due to the â€Å"seek for excitement and independence or, more likely, to contribute to their families’ subsistence and their own self support, cultural and economic changes combined to create a new stage in the female life cycle† (Evans 133). Although this new stage of women’s work seemed like a great advantage, women still weren’t able to expand their mental abilities. Magazines such as Good Housekeeping tried to promote the perfection of women’s household and nurturing skills. Women who possessed such skills were considered educated and favorable. This was a huge contradiction because if women were to become experts in their arena, they would need more education than a women’s magazine could provide (Evans 139). This contradiction expanded on the thought of higher education for women. Since the 1860’s colleges and universities, such as Smith College, were coeducational. The founder of Smith College, Sophia Smith, once said â€Å"It is not my design to render my sex any the less feminine, but to develop as fully as may be the powers of womanhood, and furnish women with the means of usefulness, happiness and honor, now withheld from them.† (Evans 139). In these learning facilities women were able to emphasize their mental capacities and their solidarity as women. Scientist continued to claim that women’s brains weren’t able to withstand the rigors of higher education and their childbearing capacities would be harmed by thinking too much (Scott 356). Vassar College offered young women a liberal arts education equal to that of the best men's colleges at the time. Most colleges and universities didn’t accept the enrollment of women. Others admitted women but refused ...

Origin of the Name Newfoundland and Labrador

Origin of the Name Newfoundland and Labrador The province of Newfoundland and Labrador is one of the ten provinces and three territories that make up Canada. Newfoundland is one of four Atlantic provinces in Canada. Origin of the Names Newfoundland and Labrador King Henry VII of England referred to the land discovered by John Cabot in 1497 as the â€Å"New Found Launde, thus helping to coin the name of Newfoundland.   It is thought that the name Labrador came from Joo Fernandes, a Portuguese explorer. He was a llavrador, or landowner, who explored the coast of Greenland. References to the labradors land evolved into the areas new name: Labrador. The term was first applied to a section of the coast of Greenland, but the area of Labrador now includes all the northern islands in the region. Previously called only Newfoundland, the province officially became Newfoundland and Labrador in December 2001, when an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada.

American and Canadian Industry Today Research Paper

American and Canadian Industry Today - Research Paper Example While the recent economic recess across the globe affected the United States financial sector to a great extent and consequently, also affected the American industries, Canada on the other hand, has proved to be promising and capable enough to continue with its industrial progress. However, in the post economic recess era, while the US industries are showing the potential to retain their lost glory, collaboration and mutual support between both nations, in terms of resources and technologies have proved to be positive. The boon of globalization has provided both nations with scope to support each other so that the process of survival becomes easier in the highly competitive business scenario. While respective industrial prosperity of both Canada and US is dependent on export and import between these two nations, financial cooperation between United States and Canada has not shown much positivism since last few years. However, with the intention to make the situation better in terms of respective financial assistance in February 2010, Prime Minister of Canada Stifen Harper and President of the United States Barack Obama made cooperative deal which focused on exploring avenues of free trade among the two countries and for the public works the reciprocity in gove rnment procurement programs. It is quite clear from governmental policies of both these nations that they are providing a greater deal of importance over the aspect of mutual coexistence in terms of trade and financial assistance, compared to earlier times. It has been realized by either of the nations that the process of mutual cooperation is continued, it will be quite challenging for them to retain position of their industries in the highly competitive market. The United States of America is known as the high ranked nation is all the prospective. Who’s GDP is one of the highest among the developed nations ( $ 14.266 trillion

Why Healthcare Practitioners are Unwilling to Change Practice Patterns Assignment

Why Healthcare Practitioners are Unwilling to Change Practice Patterns - Assignment Example However, despite the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) rules being approved by the American Medical Association in 2008 and this logistical development subsequently making it easier for the reception and transfer of payments, healthcare services providers have not yet come to significantly use them. Conversely, healthcare practitioners may find it hard to change their practicing patterns because of the unfavorable balance between inadequate healthcare resources and the unreasonable demand for the same services. Doctors and nurses may, for instance, want to make their practice more patient-friendly by elongating consultation hours, but the queue in the waiting room may not allow this. One can take a compassionate approach when dealing with physicians who loathe evidence-based systems. In this effect, it will be gainful to facilitate dialogue with physicians, so as to understand their point of view, in lieu of singling out individual physicians for professional malpractice. For a hospital leader, it will also be important to make an initiative of presenting solid evidence. The corollary to this is that upon seeing pieces of relevant information that bring about a significant difference, healthcare practitioners will gradually come to appreciate evidence-based systems. Integrating these efforts with information Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems and clinical decision support will also help solve this problem. This statement is indeed legitimate since the odds of dying in a healthcare center are greater than the risk of an air crash. Particularly, chances of dying in a healthcare institution because of human error are 33,000 times higher than the danger of dying in an airplane crash (Hammond, 2008). Although it is indeed true that the danger of dying in a hospital is more imminent than that of an airline accident, yet, this should not be construed to mean that healthcare practitioners are more careless, compared to pilots  and the flight crew.  

Traditional Agricultural Technology in Sri Lanka

Traditional Agricultural Technology in Sri Lanka 1. Modern Agricultural sector plays a very important role in contributing to the economy of the country. Agriculture represents 13% of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Rice is the main staple food in Sri Lanka. Paddy sector contributes 16.5 % of the GDP of the agriculture sector. Paddy farmers represent considerable percentage of the labor force of the country. Rice is the oldest crop on earth and rice is the main consumer food in Sri Lanka and the main substitute for rice is the wheat flour. Sri Lanka has two major agricultural seasons namely Yala and Maha. About 5.75 lakh hectares were being bought under paddy farming in the Maha season from October to February and another 3.5 lakh hectares under the Yala season from April to August. Sri Lanka is country which Agricultural sector plays a main role in the economy. Paddy is produce in two seasons in a year. Every Government has identified the importance of the Paddy industry and has been a political focus so far. Mahaweli P roject is the one of the most successive project done in the country to increase the land available for the paddy cultivation. However farmers in rural provinces faced many hardships to obtain adequate harvest and revenue from paddy cultivation and vegetable cultivation due to lack of new technology 2. There are three major economic activities which contribute to the Gross National Product (GNP) in a country, Namely Agriculture sector, Industrial sector and Service sector. Beginning of 1950s Sri Lankan economy was mainly based on agricultural sector and by mid 1950, service sector contribution remarkably increases and maintained the highest contribution to the GNP at present. With the change of political and security situation of the country, it is essential to develop agriculture sector to achieve the self sustainability of the country. In 2008 recorded the highest sectoral growth of 7.5 percent (%) over the growth of 3.4 % recorded in 2007. Output of domestic agriculture products were increased in 2008 mainly due the record increasing of paddy production during the year seasons. 3. Sri Lanka Rice Sector alone contributes 30% to the agricultural GDP which accounts for 16.8% of GDP in year 2007.The present Annual value of the rice production is Rs. 49 billion which is at an increasing trend, although the relative contribution of the rice sector to the GDP is diminishing. In 2008 paddy production increased by 24% recorded levels of 2.63 million metric tons of rice. This recorded target was archived through enormous difficulties faced by the farmers in rural provinces. It is essential to implement an effective government policy and an efficient mechanism to the development of the paddy sector in Sri Lankan in each province to increase income of the rural farmers. GENERAL OUTLINE 4. Paddy is widely grown in the all over Sri Lanka and it is a popular food crop among all communities in country. As the labor and other requirements of paddy are high it provides direct employment to a large number of people besides its contribution to indirect employment in input supplies and providing other services associated with the industry. However, there are several constraints that affect the development of paddy crop in Sri Lanka. Among the most important constraints are, high cost of the new technology, low productivity of paddy land, and high disease prevalence in paddy growing areas due to prevailing conductive environment for disease occurrences STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 5. The statement of problem can divided in to two major parts: a. Social Presently at the country most of farmers are using Traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka and it will effect for there personnel income with out using new technology b. Economic Without using new technology for traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka will not enable to increase of production in agriculture. Mal usage of the modern technology caused low productivity in local agriculture SCOPE OF THE STUDY 6 This research attempts to identify the relationship between the traditional agriculture and modern agriculture in Sri Lanka and the number of farmers who had abandoned the cultivating of paddy. The research will focus only on the paddy farmers in Sri Lanka and the benefits of using new technology in traditional agriculture. JUSTIFICATION 7. As it effects to the national income of the country it is reasonable to do a research on this topic. 8. As it effect to the loosing of jobs in agricultural field it is a responsibility of the government to look in to this problem. 9. As the agriculture is the oldest traditional occupation in Sri Lanka it is very much needed to research on this field and its out come. OBJECTIVES General Objectives 10. The general objective, this research is to study increase production by using new technology for traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka Specific Objectives 11. The following objectives are identified. a. To study what is the traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka. b. To study technology used for traditional agriculture and modern agriculture in Sri Lanka. c. To examine traditional paddy farming cultivation of paddy in Sri Lanka and its increase drastic production. c. Agro biodiversity and related traditional systems. d. Recommendations based on the findings. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 12. Use of new technology will enable drastic increase of the production of traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY 1. This study will be based on a survey. The data will be gathered from primary and secondary sources to analyse the situation and the data obtained from Agriculture department and other relevant source Primary Source 2. A literature survey will be carried out by referring various types of articles, books and World Wide Web to gather information on the field of the paddy cultivation and data gathered by agriculture department and other agriculture research centres ORGANIZATION OF THE PAPER 3. Since the main idea of this study in to analyze that there is specific relationship between the diminishing trend of yield and the trend of abundance of paddy cultivation in Sri Lanka, the paper analyses this relationship and its effect to the paddy farming. The first chapter introduces the subject and other details of the research. In the second chapter contains the History Methodology Organization of the paper Data collection method Limitation. In the fifth chapter all gathered data are analysed and the last chapter contains findings, recommendations and conclusion SAMPLING 4. Selected 10 paddy farmers randomly to represent every part of the country who are currently engaged in the paddy cultivation. DATA COLLECTION METHOD 5. The source of data collections is details gathered from the Government Officials those who are engaging in the cultivation. Further, past statistics were collected from the Hector Kobbekaduwa agriculture Research Centre in Colombo, and the Public Library in Colombo LIMITATIONS 6. a. proceeding with a research the following limitations was identified. b. The time available to carry out this research was only 3 months. c. Commonly most of the farmers were not in the position of giving accurate figures regarding their individual farm management. CHAPTER 3 WHAT IS TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE IN SRI LANKA 1. Rainfall and its variation Sri Lanka is a tropical country, but climate of the country shows variation across the Island due to differences in rainfall, elevation and soil factors. Further, the central hill masses, which act as an orographic barrier and the Indian Ocean, surrounding the Island also influence the climate of Sri Lanka. 2. The rainfall of Sri Lanka shows seasonal fluctuations and is dependent on mostly monsoon, Four precipitation seasons are clear in Sri Lanka, namely southwest monsoon from mid-May to September call Yala season, northeast monsoon from December to February call Maha season and two inter-monsoon periods, the first and second inter-monsoons last from March to mid May and from October to November respectively. Total annual rainfall of the country varies from 750 to 5000 mm two broad climatic regions, namely the dry and wet zones are recognized based on total annual rainfall and distribution of dry months. The rainfall is one of the significant factors for determining agricultural land use as well as use of various genetic resources. The distribution pattern of rainfall throughout the year is further important than the total annual rainfall. The rainfall distribution in the majority areas of Sri Lanka is markedly seasonal. Seasonal distribution of rainfall and distribution of wet and dry months in different climatic zones influence the type of paddy grown by farmers in different seasons. The bi-model pattern of rainfall distribution is characteristic of the wet zone whereas the dry zone exhibits a uni-model rainfall pattern. The rainy season of the wet zone lasts from May to November (7 months) which is much shorter in the dry zone (3-4 months; October to January). In the dry zone, southwest monsoon allows only a small crop (Yala season) whereas the main season (Maha) is effectively the wet season. Cropping patterns, farming practices and genetic resource utilization are markedly different according to this rainfall distribution patterns along with the other factors. 3. Agro ecological zones Agricultural land use and land management necessities at a given location depend on the climatic conditions together with soil properties and conditions. The areas with similar climatic and soil conditions are identified and demarcated as agro ecological regions. Twenty-four agro ecological regions based on rainfall, elevation and soil types are demarcated in Sri Lanka Agro ecological classification is very useful since it provides basic climatic and edaphic differences of the country for various agricultural productions and farming practice. 4. Agro biodiversity and related traditional systems Genetic assets or germplasm are biological resources of animal, plant and microbes that contain the hereditary information required for life and are responsible for their useful property and ability to replicate. Agro biodiversity can be defined as selection and variability of animal plant and microbial organisms on earth that are for main food and agriculture. It is a key subset of genetic resources as it is the basis of food security and an essential feature of farming systems around the world. People have managed genetic resources, selecting crops, harvesting medicinal plants etc. Genetic resources remain the basis for the improvement of agricultural crops, for medicines of about 75% of the world population that relies upon traditional, largely plant-based, treatments for its primary healthcare, and for a myriad of other products such as pharmaceuticals, crop protection products and perfumes. 5. Agriculturally used domestic plants have been basically altered from their wild relatives and they have been reshaped to meet human being needs and wants. Paddy genetic resources and agro biodiversity is the product of thousands of years of evolutionary process. There are two types of selection distinguish crop evolution in Sri Lanka namely natural and artificial. These evolutionary processes continue in order to agriculture systems to remain viable. Paddy evolution has been altered by our enhanced ability to produce, locate and access genetic stuff. Both farmers and scientists have relied on the store of genetic diversity present in paddy plants that has been accumulate by hundreds of generations who have observed, selected, multiplied, store, traded and kept variants of paddy plants. 6. Sri Lanka is well thought out as a valuable repository of crop germplasm and agro biodiversity. These varieties show great adaptability to a large range of climatic and soil conditions and pest and infection problems. They also exhibit difference in grain size and quality some with medicinal property and fragrance and others that are used for cultural and formal procedure reasons and also show differences in maturity period. The existence of genetic and species diversity has special significance for the maintenance and improvement of productivity in agricultural crops in Sri Lanka which is characterized by very varied agro-climaticand diverse growing situation. Such variety provides safekeeping for the farmer against disease, pests, drought and other stresses. The genetic variety also allows farmers to develop the full range of highly various microenvironments in the country, conflicting in characteristics such as soil, water, warmth, elevation, slope and fertility. 7. The occurrence of heterogeneous agro ecological situation with seasonal and inter annual difference, socio-cultural and ethnic differences, application of different traditional paddy farming practices including dry and wet land paddy farming, deliberate and inadvertent selection of variety and a choice of systems of beliefs allow to develop various indigenous and traditional paddy cultivation practices and techniques for selection, maintenance and utilization of planting materials. 8. Furthermore these traditional paddy farmers represent centuries of accumulated experience and skills of peasants who often continuous yields under adverse paddy farming environment using locally available resources. The establishment for such paddy farming is comprised of the traditional landraces. Landraces are crop plant populations that have not been bred as variety but have been modified throughout years of natural and artificial variety to the conditions under which they are paddy cultivated. Maintenance of species and genetic diversity in farmers fields is essential to sustainable agriculture, especially for resource-poor farmers practicing agriculture under low-input conditions in marginal lands. Aboriginal knowledge has been brought down from generation to generation and forms part of the information base for a culture. The indigenous knowledge can be defined as local information that is unique to a given civilization or society. Each society has a variety of type of aware ness systems. Indigenous people have a great knowledge of the ecosystem they live in and ways to guarantee that natural resources are used sustainably. Therefore, indigenous awareness which has been accumulating over hundred years has potential value for sustainable development. It can help other people to learn how to live in the natural world in a sustainable approach as well as to increase agronomic practices for paddy cultivation and utilization of materials. 9. The agricultural landscape of the country consists mainly cultivation of rice (780,000 ha), plantation crops such as tea, rubber, coconut, sugarcane, spices (772,000 ha), vegetables (110,000 ha), other field crops (128,000 ha) and home gardens (98,000 ha). Sri Lankas farming systems, particularly rice, other field crops and home gardening have evolved over thousands of years including a rich array of farming systems and cultivated plants such as grains, vegetables, fruits, spices and livestock. New local cultivars have been developed in the agriculture sector formally and informally. In addition, many farmers have selected local landraces. The long history of cultivation, presence of cultural diversity and wide range of eco-edaphic conditions present in the country have resulted in a wide variety of farming practices in Sri Lanka. The following section describes the traditional farming principles and systems reported in Sri Lanka during the survey. TRADITIONAL AND ORGANIC PADDY FARMING SYSTEMS 10. Lowland paddy farming. The most widely practiced farming system in Sri Lanka is lowland paddy farming. Lowland can be defined as areas, which receive enough water or which can be irrigated. The lowland also called Wel yaya and is mainly cultivated with rice. In lowlands, rice is the dominant crop both in terms of land use and dietary importance, and it has been the backbone of Sri Lankas agriculture over 2500 years. Lowland paddy farming is started with deep ploughing to create a hard pan at the onset of rain or with irrigated water. Harrowing and leveling under submerged conditions follow ploughing. Initiation of agricultural operations is begun at an auspicious time with special ceremony and rituals. Sowing, transplanting, weeding, pest and disease control, water management, manuring (with compost, cow dung and green matter from plant bio mass) and harvesting are other main operations involved in rice farming and each component has special traditional methods and performances. 11. Upland (organic) paddy cultivation. Upland can be defined as land above the water sources, which therefore can be cultivated only under rain fed conditions or by providing lift irrigation. Following ploughing, the land up to two inches using buffalo and traditional plough, seed paddy soaked overnight is sown when rain is expected. The soil is mixed using a fork. This method increases the soil nutrients and water retention / absorption capacity of soil. Sometimes, broadcast field is covered with straw as mulch, which enhances weed control, soil moisture and nutrient retention. When grasses and hedges are grown in the field, they are cut and allowed to dry for incorporating in the field. The field is turned using hoe. Two to three weeks after turning, harrowing is done. Then seed is broadcast during mild rain. Intensity of management practices such as chemical weeding, fertilising, chemical pest and disease control are very low in this system. Water management is entirely dependent on rainfall. Usually, only is Maha season cultivated with paddy. CHAPTER 4 WHAT IS THE MORDEN AGRICULTURAL POSSIBILITIES IN SRI LANKA 1. Utilization of modern technology in agriculture and related industries can be categorized in several ways. In this study it is being categorized according to the type of streams of technology used. The main areas of technology which are being using in Sri Lankan Paddy farming can be identified as follows: ELECTRO-MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENTS 2. Mechanization of agronomic practices: This includes the crop cultural practices from seed sawing to harvesting In paddy farming the first main step is pre planting land preparation and that is been mechanised with tractors including two wheels and four wheels, ploughs, rotervators, harrows etc. In Sri Lanka this step is highly mechanised specially in commercial paddy farming.Seed sawing or crop establishment is the next main step in paddy farming. There are two main methods called direct seeding and transplanting. Sophisticated machines as well as simple machines are available for the both methods. Still Sri Lankan farming community does not use hi-tech methods for this step The next main step which is been mechanised in paddy farming is harvesting and harvest cleaning. Wide range of machines are using for this process. That includes very sophisticated machines like combine harvesters which harvest, thresh and clean the harvest at once in the paddy field itself 3. Mechanization of post harvesting activities Technology is been using in this step for storing, weighing, threshing, boiling, cleaning and polishing rice. 4. Biological improvements New paddy verities Almost all paddy farmers except very few isolated farmers cultivate improved varieties. The paddy verities been improved for high yield, to minimise lodging, to gain resistively for pest and diseases. This improved the per acre yield in the country over the last three decades 5. New breading technologies New breeding technologies like genetic engineering, germplasm transplants, mutations, selective breeding are extensively using for develop new verities 6. Biological pest and diseases control methods Biological pest and disease control methods are promoting extensively among the farming community to minimize the threat for the environment and as effective and sustainable control method. These include usage of plant extracts as repellents and insecticides, introduction of parasitic insects, introduction of insect pathogens, introduction of sterile technologies etc. 7. Chemical improvements a. Fertilizer This became one of the key inputs of farming and the new improved varieties are highly sensitive for fertilizers. Improvement of fertilizers including chemical components, slow releasing fertilisers like chelates, development of new fertilizer ratios, mixing methods can be considered under this. b. Insecticides Development of new environmental friendly verities like Aparathyroid, new types, new chemicals, new application methods, bio-degradable chemical developments comes under this. c. Herbicides Development of new environmental friendly verities, new types like selective weedicides, new chemicals, new application methods, bio-degradable chemical developments comes under this d. Fungicides Fungal attacks can be effectively controlled by application of fungicides. Development of new environmental friendly verities, new types, new chemicals, new application methods, bio-degradable chemical developments comes under this. There are no effective chemical control methods for bacterial and viral diseases CHAPTER 5 DATA ANALYZING Yield Statistics. Year Insecticides Fungicides Chemical Fertilizer 1985 415,638 221,164 32,542 1986 457,549 208,597 18,167 1987 368,498 158,651 15,590 1988 443,321 176,847 14,682 1989 413,378 156,547 30,020 1993 476,839 171,594 22,361 1994 540,838 192,340 32,204 1995 539,903 228,063 31,814 1996 434,967 144,959 26,426 1997 422,805 142,814 27,455 1998 514,241 224,636 49,147 1999 585,579 266,120 61,636 2000 629,275 238,987 74,975 2001 591,142 201,707 95,397 2002 633,964 256,770 104,992 2003 767,484 291,370 160,973 2004 630,014 243,375 156,232 2005 752,075 311,986 166,811 2006 717,539 282,688 166,434 2007 654,251 215,578 180,315 2008 840,024 345,890 237,490 2009 796,301 353,848 298,816 Figure 3.1 Annual local productions of Usage of new improved varieties during the period of 1985-2009 Figure 3.2 cultivation extent (Ha) of old and new varieties during the period of 1979-2009 Figure -3.3 growth in average (kg/Ha) paddy yield Technology statistics: Usage of Tractors etc. Figure 3.4 Annual local productions of Usage of Tractors etc during the period of 1979-2008 Agro chemicals usage over the time Figure 3.5 Agro chemicals usage over the timeduring the period of 2001-2007 CHAPTER 5 FINDING RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION FINDINGS 1. During the survey it was found that the main problem faced by farmers in Sri Lanka was the insufficient average of traditional agricultural yield. Further high cost of technology , lack of high quality seeds, cost of cultivation, Non awareness of technology and low market prices were the another identified problems in this area. Further I found that following strengths and weaknesses while observing the traditional and modern agriculture in Sri Lanka. a. Production possibilities and potentialities are tremendous in the country. b. Increase of local food production is an urgent need. c. It is pre requisites for acceleration of agricultural transformation and economic growth in the country. d. Production directly affects on the increase of farmers income. e. Increase of production will reduce the level of malnutrition. f. Production market is sensitive areas that affect the political and economical background of the country. 2. Weakness observed in the paddy farming System. a. Low production of traditional farming system and modern farming productivity has discouraged the farming system. b. Land and soil degradation are leading factors for the decision of abundance of paddy farming. c. High Cost of Production has discouraged the farmers. e. here is a wide gap between the potential level and farmer yields. f. Inadequate technology transfer at village level farms. CONCLUSION 3. The general tone of the conclusion of this paper identifies that there are many obstacles and problems in paddy cultivation as well as many opportunities and potentialities for improving the high average of yield in modern and traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka. Modern Agricultural sector plays a very important role in contributing to the economy of the country. Agriculture represent 13% of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Rice is the main staple food in Sri Lanka. Paddy sector contributes 16.5 % of the GDP of the agriculture sector. Paddy farmers represent considerable percentage of the labor force of the country. Rice is the oldest crop on earth and rice is the main consumer food in Sri Lanka and the main substitute for rice is the wheat flour. Every Government has identified the importance of the Paddy industry in Sri Lanka. Mahaweli Project is the one of the most successive project done in the country to increase the land available for the paddy cultivation. Howeve r farmers in rural provinces faced many hardships to obtain adequate harvest and revenue from paddy cultivation and other crop cultivation due to lack of new technology. 4. Presently at the country most of farmers are using Traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka and it will effect for there personnel income with out using new technology. Also without using new technology for traditional agriculture in Sri Lanka will not enable to increase of production in agriculture. Mal usage of the modern technology caused low productivity in local agriculture 5. Thus hypotheses of this research can be proven. RECOMMENDATION 6. Implementing programme which can be help for the purpose of the training about new agriculture technology with an aim of encouraging the rest of potion of farming population for new method of farming. 7. Introduction a mechanize system through agriculture department and relevant authority for remote farmers to reach new technology writhing short period of time with its proper efficiency. 8. changing of attitudes in remote farmers towards use of new technology a they are in strongly believe that modern technology can harm there traditional system of agriculture and socio-culture values which they have being practicing for long time of period. 9. Arranging possible educational programme to educate many of farmers about positive impact on the harvest where they will not be reaching through traditional method of agriculture. 10. in order to prevent the risk of loosing traditional occupation in the field of agriculture by using new modern mechanization farmer should be encourage to change their box thinking and seek for positive and possible alternative job opportunities regarding and relevant to the field of agriculture as starting of business of chemical, agriculture equipment, machinery repair and ext. 11. Government should involve specially in this problem with the purpose of upgrading the productivity which can strongly correlated to the national economy as follows. a. implementing the infrastructure specially in remote area b. opening buying centre where farmers can obtain stable income through out the year c. government should provide to facilitate technical support relevant to agricultural industry on free or low cost basis BIBILIOGRAPHY 1. Activating All Powers in Sri Lanka Agriculture- G.K. Upawansa and Rukman Wagachchi 2. Handy guide to agriculture by Dr. Thilak T. Ranasinghe 3. Directory of Research Centers in Sri Lanka 4. National Agricultural Information Network 5. A Policy Rule for the Liberalization of Agriculture in Sri Lanka HN Thenuwara 6. Rice production on acid soils of the tropics by EN Ponnamperuma 7. Harti agricultural commodity review 2006 8. Harti agricultural commodity review 2007 9. Harti agricultural commodity review 2008

Ethics and Environment Essay

Innovation is said to occur when something is done in a radically new way. Apple has been frequently cited as the innovation leader in technological world. It, under the leadership of its CEO Steve Jobs, introduced products which were radically different as for as design was concerned. Compared to Apple, Dell’s computers have no innovative design or technical feature. The importance of innovation is such that most of the successful companies around the world are spending huge sums of their profits on innovation related projects. Many people confuse innovation with invention. Innovation and invention are different things. Invention is the first step toward the development of something new. It is the manifestation of an idea while innovation happens when that idea is put to use successfully. Invention can occur any moment while for innovation to occur, years may pass by as it takes a lot of time from researching to introducing a new product. It takes one person to invent and many to innovate as a lot of people are required to do research, test, and market a particular product. Following are the four types of innovation types as described by Oslo Manual: 1- Product Innovation. This type of innovation is said to occur when a significantly different product is introduced by a company. The difference may occur due to design, improved technical specification etc. 2- Process innovation. If a production process is novel and delivery system improved then process innovation is said to have occurred. 3- Marketing Innovation. When a product’s pricing, packaging, or positioning is done in a totally new way then marketing innovation is said to have occurred. 4- Organizational innovation. If organizational culture is changed bringing in a lot of value than organizational innovation is said to have occurred. Innovation is result – oriented, the two main outcomes of innovations as described in a report published by Boston Consulting group are: †¢ Tangible Outcomes: Tangible outcomes refer to new products and design that are achieved as a result of innovating. They are provided legal cover by various intellectual property instruments like copyrights. †¢ Intangible Outcomes: These are outcomes that cannot be quantified and legally protected. A new production process is a tangible outcome. Not every organization that engages in innovative pursuits succeeds. Many organizations complain that their money invested in innovation process is wasted. This does not mean that every organization fails rather there are various success factors that determine whether an organization will succeed and come up with innovative products or services or not. Idea generation is a first step where most organizations fail. If resources are not invested properly, bright ideas might not come to executive’s attention. Companies also need to look to their customers for ideas. Then they need to have proper processes in place to carry forward the best ideas and make most of them. Another success factor that many organizations lack is the absence of good leaders who can gauge the whole innovation process. Innovation process will be disrupted if an organization does not have enough skilled workers. In research and development labs of many successful companies, quality of employees is one factor which has played a big role. Importance to Innovation for Organizations Innovation is critical to any company’s success in these times because it is the main driver of competitive advantage. It is one of the factors that drives the growth and shareholder value of any organization. Every organization wants to come up with creative ideas which they can manifest and implement successfully. One study suggests that distinct products/services and novel business processes are the main competitive advantage that any organization can have. This is also the opinion of the 70 percent of the CEOs of the fastest progressing companies. Almost every organization has realized the value of innovation so much so they have not decreased their R&D budget in this time of recession. One Wall Street Journal report says that big US companies have not decreased their spending on R&D despite a fall of 7. 7% in their revenue. It is true that history teaches us great lessons. The same is case with business world. IPod was introduced soon after the incident of 9/11. Among those who plan to spend almost the same amount on R&D as they did in 2007 are Microsoft, Intel and 3M. Apple is a perfect example of a company which gained competitive advantage mainly by innovative pursuits. It realized that investment in innovation pursuits is the only way to boost profitability that’s why they increased their R&D investment by more than 42% during 1999 to 2000 despite a decrease of 6% in their revenue. This led to products like IPod and ITunes store. They have mainly relied on innovation in design. Apple has also succeeded in capturing a share in cell phone market by introducing another innovative product called IPhone. In the last century, people talked about efficiency and shareholder value. They applied various principles to reduce cost and achieve economies of scale. But their rivals in low- income countries could outclass them because of lower costs of production there. Now is the time to gain competitive advantage by innovation. Human resource of any organization is the best place for creative ideas. It is the people of any organizations that can help give it a competitive advantage by innovating new products and services. Google is another company which has gained significant competitive advantage over its rivals by introducing innovative products. More than 50 percent of internet users use Google as their primary search engine. It introduced the new way of targeting ads based on internet surfing behavior of its users. Google Voice is another of their innovation. Apart from that, they have introduced services like Google mail, Google News etc. The owners of Google have made fortune by indulging in innovation pursuits. Automaker industry also drives its strength from innovation. Toyota, ranked third by Business Week as most innovative company, has come up with cars with very innovative features. It will introduce the powerful Prius which will have solar- powered air conditioner. Microsoft is another company which has gained competitive advantage by rolling out innovative product. It recently introduced Windows 8. It can, therefore, be concluded that if any organization is to gain a competitive advantage, it should foster the innovative environment. This can be achieved by giving way to open culture at organization, empowering people at all levels, and encouraging employees to give their ideas about new products and/or services.

Social Ideals Of The Justices Of Society And Historical...

Having read the unique social ideals of both John Rawls and Karl Marx I intend to explain both philosophers points of view on the justices of society and historical class rankings. I would like to share their similarities and differences as each made valid points on history. Next, I intend to share the reasoning behind my findings and that of the philosopher s ideas. Finally, I will share my appreciation for Karl Marx, as he has influenced my views thus far. Original Position and Natural State John Rawls s social experiment known as the Original Position is an imaginative perspective on how we perceive society. In his experiment every person; regardless of race, creed, wealth, power, religion, sex, or orientation would set forth the basic rules of survival. Unbiased of social stature, ignorant of presumptions; it is expected that the rules set in place would be perfectly just. According to Velasquez, Rawls believed Utilitarian principles sometimes require some people to suffer for the sake of maximizing society s utility (Velasquez, 2007, Pg. 622). Therefore, these principles would be omitted from the experiment, any person taking part of this experiment would be at risk for suffering loss and easily persuaded to not fall into this ideal. Of the many principles Rawls believes people will subject themselves to under this experiment the foremost and important would be the equality of political freedom. Each person would want to at least be equal to everyone else in theShow MoreRelatedThe And Invisible Man By Toni Morrison And Ralph Ellison1726 Words   |  7 Pages The Un-American Race Throughout history, the African American race has battled great social injustices. From slavery to freedom, being property to owning property, African Americans have fought their way to be a part of equal justice. 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What Does It Take to Earn a Masters Degree

Most college students who seek a graduate degree have a masters degree in mind. What is a master’s degree and what does it entail? Although your college professors probably hold doctoral degrees and they may suggest that you apply to  doctoral programs, recognize there are many more master’s degrees awarded each year than doctoral. Why Students Pursue a Master’s Degree Many seek master’s degrees to advance in their fields and to earn raises. Others seek master’s degrees to change career fields. For example, let’s say that you’ve earned a bachelor’s degree in English, but have decided that you want to become a counselor: complete a master’s degree in counseling. A master’s degree will allow you to develop expertise in a new area and enter a new career. It Takes About Two Years Typically, earning a masters degree takes about two years beyond the bachelor’s degree, but those additional two years open the door to many career opportunities that are personally, professionally, and financially fulfilling. The most common master’s degrees are the master of arts (MA) and master of science (MS). Note that whether you earn an MA or MS depends more on the school you attend than the academic requirements fulfilled; the two are different only in name – not in educational requirements or status. Master’s degrees are offered in a variety of fields (e.g., psychology, mathematics, biology, etc.), just as bachelor’s degrees are offered in many fields. Some fields have special degrees, like the MSW for social work and the MBA for business. Requires a Higher Level of Analysis Master’s degree programs tend to be course-based, similar to your undergraduate classes. However, the classes are usually conducted as seminars, with a great deal of discussion. The professors tend to expect a higher level of analysis in master’s classes than undergraduate classes. Applied programs, such as those in  clinical and counseling psychology, and social work,  also require field hours. Students complete supervised applied experiences in which they learn how to apply the principles of their discipline. Thesis, Research Paper, or Comprehensive Exam Most master’s degree programs require students to complete a master’s thesis or an extended research paper. Depending on the field, your master’s thesis may entail conducting a thorough analysis of the literature or a scientific experiment. Some master’s programs offer alternatives to the master’s thesis, such as written comprehensive exams or other written projects that are less rigorous than theses. In short, there are a great many opportunities for graduate study at the masters level and there is both consistency and variety in programs. All require some coursework, but programs vary as to whether applied experiences, theses, and comprehensive exams are required.